FIREWALLS

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What are Firewalls ?

A fire wall is a piece of software or hardware, which stands between two entities can be private network on one side and a public network like the Internet, on the other side. They can control what kind of traffic flow across and protect the network from hackers.
What it does ?

Lets say that a company is running with 500 employees. So the company will have hundreds of computers that all have network cards connecting them together. In addition, the company will have one or more connections to the Internet connections. Without firewall in place all of those hundreds of computers are directly accessible to anyone on the Internet. A person who knows what he or she is doing can probe those computers, try to make FTP connections to them, try to make Telnet connections to them and so on. If one employee makes a mistake and leaves a security hole, hackers can get to the machine and exploit and hole.
With a firewall in place, the landscape is much different. A company will place a firewall at every connection to the Internet. The firewall can implement security rules. For example one of the security rules inside the company might be
Out of the 500 computers inside this company only 1 of them is permitted to receive public FTP traffic. Allow FTP connections only to that one computer and prevent them on all others. A company can set rules like this for FTP servers, Web servers, Telnet servers and so on. In addition the company can control how employees connect to Web sites, whether files are allowed to leave the company over the network and so on. A firewall gives a company tremendous control over how people use the network

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